Tuesday, March 18, 2025

New Issue: Journal of International Dispute Settlement

The latest issue of the Journal of International Dispute Settlement (Vol. 16, no. 1, March 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Charalampos Giannakopoulos, Paradigms of justice and the limits of ISDS reform
    • Szilárd Gáspár-Szilágyi, Are the protections offered by EU law adequate alternatives to those offered by international investment law?
    • André-Philippe Ouellet, The ICJ and the protection of foreign property under customary international law: quid novi?
    • Hailiang Xiong, The Legislative Adjustment of Chinese Enforcement Regulation of the International Commercial Settlement Agreement in the context of the Singapore mediation convention
    • Hoon Cho & Changyoul Lee, Compulsory dispute settlement system under the BBNJ agreement: some considerations on future constraints
    • Yuliya Chernykh & Mavluda Sattorova, The afterlife of ISDS awards: post-award settlements and the limits of transparency reforms
    • Yarik Kryvoi & Aleksander Godhe, Enhancing anti-corruption via investment arbitration: from red flags to due diligence
    • Kaijun Pan, International organizations’ practice in the interpretation of their constituent instruments
    • Lorenzo Gasbarri, How to write a judgment: creative writing and international adjudication
  • Current Developments
    • Daniele Musmeci, Reflecting on the interpretation and application of the international convention for the suppression of the financing of terrorism in light of the Ukraine v Russia case
    • Cecily Rose, Evidentiary challenges in the litigation of war reparations: Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo (DRC v Uganda)
    • Ali Dehdashti, The interplay of Islamic principles of construction in English court: the case of NIOC v Crescent Petroleum

New Issue: Transnational Environmental Law

The latest issue of Transnational Environmental Law (Vol. 14, no. 1, March 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Editorial
    • Thijs Etty, Josephine van Zeben, Harro van Asselt, Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli, Sébastien Jodoin, & Leonie Reins, Breaking Path Dependencies through Transnational Environmental Law
  • Articles
    • Paul J. Govind, Evaluating the Ethical Responsibility of Environmental Planning Law in Perpetuating Settler Colonialism Using a Transnational Legal Lens
    • Max van Deursen & Aarti Gupta, Is Enhanced Transparency the “Backbone” of the Paris Agreement? A Critical Assessment
    • Rebecca Williams, Looking to Livestock: Gauging the Evolution of the EU's Agri-Climate Law and Policy
    • Endrius Cocciolo & Leonie Reins, A Critical Review of the Energy Charter Treaty from an Earth System Law Perspective
    • Clément Lasselin, Sébastien Barot, & Anouk Barberousse, Value Chains and Environmental Impact Assessments: Lessons from Two French Legal Cases on Bioenergy Facilities
    • Zhang Min & Fernando Romero Wimer, Transnational Governance of Soybean Land Use in South America: A Polycentric Approach
    • James Hickling, The Role of Science and Historiography in the Development of Transnational Environmental Law: A New History of the 1900 London Convention for the Preservation of African Wildlife
    • Aleksandra Čavoški, Robert Lee, & Laura Holden, The Role of Epistemic Communities in Formulating EU Policy: The PrecisionTox Project

Monday, March 17, 2025

New Volume: Japanese Yearbook of International Law

The latest volume of the Japanese Yearbook of International Law (Vol. 67, 2024) is out. Contents include:
  • New Frontiers of State Jurisdiction
    • Akio Morita & Mari Takeuchi, Introductory Note
    • Cedric Ryngaert, Weaponizing Economic Interdependence via Extraterritorial Chokepoint Jurisdiction: An International Law Perspective
    • ISHII Yurika, Limits of State Jurisdiction in Cyberspace — The Legality of the Cross-Border Remote Access and the Use of Policeware —
    • Makoto Seta, Port State Jurisdiction as Universal Jurisdiction over Fisheries
    • Takayo Ando, Changes in the Legal Structure of the Aut Dedere Aut Judicare Principle — Focusing on the Requirements for the Obligation to Exercise Jurisdiction —
    • MORITA Akio, Theoretical Analysis of Conflicting Approaches on State Jurisdiction — Focusing on “Liberté” and Conflicting “Basic Positions” —
  • Legal Analysis on Sucession Substitutes
    • Dai Yokomizo, Introductory Note
    • OSHIMA Lisa, The Potential and Limitations of Contracts That Function as Succession Substitutes
    • Dai Yokomizo, Succession Substitutes and Japanese Conflict of Laws: Including the Possibility of Introducing Limited Professio Juris to Japanese Choice-of-Law Rule Relating to Succession
    • Takami Hayashi, Conflict-of-Law Issues Regarding Succession Substitutes with a Focus on Trusts
    • Charlotte Wendland, The Law Applicable to Succession Substitutes: European Perspective
    • Takeshi Fujitani, Succession Substitutes and Taxation — An Analysis from the Perspective of Party Autonomy and Tax Neutrality —
  • Human Rights Approach to Regulate Armed Conflicts: Beyond the Lex Generalis/Specialis Framework: Part Two
    • Megumi Ochi, The Other Side of the Human Rights Approach to the Reparation for Victims of Armed Conflict — The Coalition of the Sword and Shield Function for Transformative Reparation —
    • Yaël Ronen, Occupation, the Right to Self-Determination, and the Law
    • Yutaka Arai-Takahashi, Digging the Skewed Gendered Surface — The Rights of Female Prisoners of War Under International Humanitarian Law —
    • Shuichi Furuya, Conclusion: Why Do We Tend to Apply International Human Rights Law to Armed Conflicts?

AJIL Unbound Symposium: International Criminal Law's Critical Aftermaths

AJIL Unbound has posted a symposium on “International Criminal Law's Critical Aftermaths.” The symposium includes an introduction by Richard Clements, Christine Schwöbel-Patel, and Leila Ullrich, and contributions by yassin m. brunger and Sophie Rigney, Marina Veličković, Rachel López and Margaret M. deGuzman, Sujith Xavier, and Vasuki Nesiah.

Call for Papers: Regulating Security in Cyberspace

A call for papers has been issued for a conference on "Regulating Security in Cyberspace," to take place June 5-6, 2025, at the University of Grenada, Spain. The call is here.

Lecture: Milanovic on “The Notion of an Illegal Occupation in the ICJ’s 2024 Palestine Advisory Opinion”

On March 24, 2025, Marko Milanovic (Univ. of Reading - Law) will give the next lecture of the TwoLaW Lecture Series on the Laws of War. The topic is: “The Notion of an Illegal Occupation in the ICJ’s 2024 Palestine Advisory Opinion.” Details are here.

Sunday, March 16, 2025

Bahri: Trade Agreements and Women: Transcending Barriers

Amrita Bahri
(Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México) has published Trade Agreements and Women: Transcending Barriers (Oxford Univ. Press 2025). Here's the abstract:

With more and more countries including provisions on women's concerns in their trade agreements, Trade Agreements and Women: Transcending Barriers explores how women's empowerment and trade liberalization interact, overlap, and converge.

Tapping into examples from across the globe, and taking into consideration the diverse political, economic, social, and legal contexts of different countries, Amrita Bari poses and answers some key questions: What role can trade agreements play with regard to women's empowerment, and what limitations do they have? Have previous efforts to include women through trade agreements been genuinely responsive to the needs of women, or have they been merely symbolic? What, ultimately, makes a trade agreement responsive to the needs of women, and how can countries achieve this in their own trade agreements?

In answering these questions, Bahri carves out a roadmap, with concrete recommendations, for the future of women-related trade provisions, and offers much-needed guidance for legal scholars, trade negotiators, and policymakers involved in preparing, revising, and inclusively negotiating trade regulations.

Grosescu & Richardson-Little: Socialism and International Law: The Cold War and Its Legacies

Raluca Grosescu
(National Univ. of Political Science and Public Administration) & Ned Richardson-Little (Leibniz Centre for Contemporary History) have published Socialism and International Law: The Cold War and Its Legacies (Oxford Univ. Press 2024). The table of contents is here. Here's the abstract:

The contributions of socialist thinkers and states to the development of international law often go unrecognized. Socialism and International Law: The Cold War and Its Legacies explores how socialist individuals and governments from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia made vital contributions to international law as it is practiced today, and also brought ideas and initiatives that constituted important disruptive moments in its history.

The socialist world of the 20th century was an ambiguous and fragile construct: there were clear divisions between the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc, which kept one foot in Western Eurocentric traditions, and the positions of the radical Third World, primarily post-colonial Afro-Asian states, which mounted a more fundamental challenge to the international order. Far from a monolith, the socialist world was an intricate and dynamic space, which still had many shared common understandings of global affairs and the meaning of the law within them.

By examining how different state socialist ideologies, legal principles, and realpolitik affected contemporary international law frameworks, this book contests existing linear and Western-dominated histories. It considers these state socialist engagements in conversation with liberal and Western approaches and underlines the divisions that existed between versions of socialism from different regions and across the North-South divide. The legacies of socialist international law are still with us today, as are the consequences of its failure.

With a focus on the Cold War and its aftermath, Socialist International Law features astute commentary on the history and present-day effects of socialist principles applied to international law, provided by an esteemed and diverse group of contributors from around the world.

Saturday, March 15, 2025

Clark: Cooperative Complexity: The Next Level of Global Economic Governance

Richard Clark
(Univ. of Notre Dame - Political Science) has published Cooperative Complexity: The Next Level of Global Economic Governance (Cambridge Univ. Press 2025). Here's the abstract:
Over the course of the twentieth century, states engaged in cooperation through international organizations at unprecedented levels. However, the twenty-first century has featured the emergence of next-level forms of cooperation: international organizations working together. This pattern is especially apparent among economic international organizations, which often pool resources and expertise to jointly implement programs in member state territories. Cooperative Complexity argues that such cooperation is politically efficient but not necessarily economically efficient; it helps geopolitically aligned organizations enforce their preferred policies but can drive inefficient economic outcomes. Combining a general theoretical model with quantitative, qualitative, and experimental research designs, this book disentangles the complex ties that connect international organizations. In doing so, it reveals how a deeper understanding of the supply side of international finance is critical for gaining insights about the form, effectiveness, and likely future of global economic governance.

Cohen: The International Order, International Law, and the Definition of Security

Harlan Grant Cohen (Fordham Univ. - Law) has posted The International Order, International Law, and the Definition of Security (Michigan Journal of International Law, forthcoming). Here's the abstract:

As economic security has seemingly moved to the center of American and European foreign policy, both the United States and the European Union have broadened their interpretation of international law rules governing security, coercion, and intervention. But these interpretations are not exactly new, echoing developing state interpretations of international law that developed states had long ago seemingly rejected. How are these once moribund interpretations of security, force, and coercion being brought back to life?

This essay argues that these interpretative shifts highlight the role of the international order as an interpretative mechanism within international law. Borrowing from the work of Robert Cover, it explains the ways that the international order acts as a jurispathic agent within the system, judging which interpretations live on and which are cast aside. As global power shifts, the international order shifts with it, potentially reopening interpretative fights over international law. Today’s fights over the meaning of security, force, and coercion thus reflect both the realities of a changing order and the battle to shape the one to come.

Landefeld: Individuals in International Humanitarian Law: A Historical Analysis

Sarina Landefeld
(Univ. of Leicester - Law) has published Individuals in International Humanitarian Law: A Historical Analysis (Hart Publishing 2025). Here's the abstract:

This book offers a new, more critical perspective on the regulation and protection of individuals under international humanitarian law.

Providing a historical account of the changing conceptualisation of individuals since 1864, the study draws on social constructivism. This approach casts light on the struggle of making sense of, and agreeing on, the position of individuals in armed conflicts during the law-making process, often hidden by international humanitarian law's conventional narratives. This intriguing study grapples with a difficult and disputed area of the law of armed conflict, making a singular and significant contribution which will be welcomed by all scholars in the field.

Navarro: The Effectiveness of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: The Case of Indigenous Territorial Rights

Gabriela CB Navarro
(Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais - Law) has published The Effectiveness of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: The Case of Indigenous Territorial Rights (Hart Publishing 2025). Here's the abstract:

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights has the most developed jurisprudence on indigenous rights, yet this case law is understudied. This book addresses this gap by exploring the Court and its cases from both the perspective of international law and the legal protection of indigenous territories.

Setting out the network of actors and institutions involved in such litigation, it examines the motivations and constraints in domestic politics affecting international orders (and by extension the impact of the Court). It provides both an important statement on the effectiveness of international tribunals and a fascinating insight into the evolution of indigenous rights.

New Issue: International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics

The latest issue of International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics (Vol. 25, no. 1, March 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Tibebu Shito Kebede, The influence of domestic politics on the transboundary water interactions in the Eastern Nile
  • Huseyin Caliskan, Ustuner Birben, & Sezgin Ozden, Forest management in Türkiye: economic pressures, legal frameworks, and ecological consequences
  • Faradj Koliev & Karin Bäckstrand, Citizen preferences for climate policy implementation: the role of multistakeholder partnerships
  • So Yeon Kim & Hyun Jung Kim, ‘Common but differentiated’ motivations? Requests for advisory opinions concerning climate change and the law of the sea
  • Kalia Ruth Barkai & Harald Winkler, Developing a framework for assessing equity in national contributions to the global goal on adaptation
  • Okechukwu Enechi & Philipp Pattberg, Stakeholder motivations for participation in partnerships for the SDGS: the case of Nigeria
  • Luciana C. Silvestri & Marisa Roig-Cerdeño, Genetic resources are, above all, information: perspectives from law, biology and economics
  • Liliana Lizarazo-Rodriguez, Alice Lopes Fabris, & Doreen Montag, Indigenous peoples as trustees of forests: a bio-socio-cultural approach to international law

New Issue: International Community Law Review

The latest issue of the International Community Law Review (Vol. 27, nos. 1-2, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Special Issue: The Evolving Role of International Judicial Advisory Opinions
    • Kathryn Allinson & Beril Sogut, Editorial: Special Issue on the Evolving Role of International Judicial Advisory Opinions
    • Christoph U. Priess, Parallel Advisory Proceedings: The Climate Change Advisory Proceedings Before the ICJ, the ITLOS and the IACtHR
    • Andreas Kulick, Between Advice and Miracle: Expectations and Persuasiveness of ICJ Advisory Opinions
    • Walter Arévalo-Ramírez & Andrés Rousset-Siri, Measuring the Impact of Advisory Opinions in the Inter-American Human Rights System Categorizing the Effects of Advisory Opinions in States and the Organs Involved in Their Implementation
    • Anna Rubbi, Laura Behre, & Natalia Ameen-Rey, Upcoming Advisory Opinions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: Analysing the Trajectory of the Court’s Advisory Opinions
    • Andrea Longo, Beyond Climate Change Obligations: Which Lessons from the ITLOS Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and Ocean Acidification for the Progressive Development of the Law of the Sea?
    • Muyiwa Adigun, Climate Change Litigation before International Human Rights Tribunals in Africa: The Role of Advisory Opinions
    • Sarah Thin, The Benefits of an Open-Door Policy: International Organisations and the Promotion of Common and Community Interests in ICJ Advisory Proceedings

Friday, March 14, 2025

Call for Papers: Narratives in International Courts and Tribunals

The Latin American Society of International Law's Interest Group on International Courts and Tribunals has issued a call for papers for a workshop on "Narratives in International Courts and Tribunals," to take place online on June 25, 2025. The call is here.

Mayer: Environmental Assessment as a Tool for Climate Change Mitigation

Benoit Mayer
(Univ. of Reading - Law) has published Environmental Assessment as a Tool for Climate Change Mitigation (Oxford Univ. Press 2024). Here's the abstract:

Most governments have established procedures to appraise the environmental impacts of proposed activities. The focus of these environmental assessment procedures has long been on local environmental issues, such as air, water, and land pollution, which have a direct and concrete effect on communities. In recent years, however, these procedures have increasingly been used to consider how activities could result in the emission of greenhouse gases and exacerbate climate change.

Environmental Assessment as a Tool for Climate Change Mitigation builds on a broad survey of over one hundred national environmental assessment practices - legislation, guiding documents, cases, and administrative practice - to reflect on the main conceptual and practical issues facing climate assessment. By presenting and discussing jurisdictional developments and national debates in a global comparative perspective, this book aims to enrich our collective understanding of the modalities of and, ultimately, the mitigation opportunities arising from, the use of climate assessment in relation to proposed activities. The author concludes this timely and forward-looking volume by identifying good practices that lawmakers, regulators, national agencies, judges, and lawyers should consider when developing and applying the law on climate assessment.

New Issue: International Review of the Red Cross

The latest issue of the International Review of the Red Cross (Vol. 106, no. 927, 2024) is out. The theme is: "IHL & Peace." Contents include:
  • The ICRC's approach to peace: Interview with Eva Svoboda: Director of International Law, Policy and Archives, ICRC
  • Cordula Droege, International humanitarian law and peace: A brief overview
  • Ignazio Cassis, Wars have limits
  • Interview with Franz Perrez: Director-General, Directorate of International Public Law, Swiss Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • Interview with Itonde Kakoma: President and CEO, Interpeace
  • Daniel Palmieri, “Si vis pacem, impera bellum”: The ICRC, international humanitarian law and peace
  • Evelyne Schmid, Optional but not qualified: Neutrality, the UN Charter and humanitarian objectives
  • Diego Stöcklin, Redefining the neutral intermediary role: Balancing theoretical ideas with practical realities through the ICRC's experience in Yemen
  • Rebecca Brubaker, Will Bennett & Hannah Ajelet Eriksen, Towards common ground: Strategies for effective collaboration between the humanitarian and peacebuilding communities
  • Simon Robins & Jill Stockwell, Addressing missing persons arising from armed conflict as a driver of peace: Towards a research agenda
  • Juana Inés Acosta López, Seeking balance: The role of Article 6(5) of Additional Protocol II in balancing justice and peace in transitions from armed conflict to peace
  • Benjamin R. Farley & Alka Pradhan, Establishing a practical test for the end of non-international armed conflict
  • Steven van de Put & Magdalena Pacholska, Beyond retribution: Individual reparations for IHL violations as peace facilitators
  • Arnaaz Nizami Ameer, Whose war is it anyway? Proportionate reparations in wars of aggression
  • Luke Moffett & Nikhil Narayan, Provisional justice in protracted conflicts: The place of temporality in bridging the international humanitarian law and transitional justice divide
  • Noël Mfuranzima, Jus post bellum: Scope and assessment of the applicable legal framework
  • Wendy Lambourne, International humanitarian law, jus post bellum and transformative justice

New Issue: Transnational Criminal Law Review

The latest issue of the Transnational Criminal Law Review (Vol. 3, no. 2, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Gordon Hook, Express Trusts and Beneficial Ownership in the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations: Conceptual Distortions
    • Sam Hickey, Compensating the Victims of Foreign Bribery
    • Deborah Nidel, Structural Ambiguity: Typologising Joint Investigation Teams
  • Notes and Comments
    • Dao Le Thu & Yvon Dandurand, International Cooperation in Combating Transnational Crime in Southeast Asia: Why has progress been so slow?

Thursday, March 13, 2025

New Issue: International Organization

The latest issue of International Organization (Vol. 79, no. 1, Winter 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Caleb Pomeroy, The Damocles Delusion: The Sense of Power Inflates Threat Perception in World Politics
    • Tessa Devereaux, The Determinants of Insurgent Gender Governance
    • Casey Crisman-Cox & Michael Gibilisco, Tug of War: The Heterogeneous Effects of Outbidding Between Terrorist Groups
  • Essay
    • Stacie E. Goddard & Colleen Larkin, Nuclear Shibboleths: The Logics and Future of Nuclear Nonuse
  • Research Notes
    • Nikhar Gaikwad, Federica Genovese, & Dustin Tingley, Climate Action from Abroad: Assessing Mass Support for Cross-Border Climate Transfers
    • Jason Lyall & Yuri Zhukov, Fratricidal Coercion in Modern War

Wednesday, March 12, 2025

New Issue: Chicago Journal of International Law

The latest issue of the Chicago Journal of International Law (Vol. 25, no. 2, Winter 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Richard Albert, Decolonial Constitutionalism
  • Vivek Krishnamurthy, Anchoring Digital Sovereignty
  • Gabriele Wadlig, The International Law of Land (Grabbing): Human Rights and Development in the Context of Racial Capitalism

Tuesday, March 11, 2025

New Issue: Human Rights Law Review

The latest issue of the Human Rights Law Review (Vol. 25, no. 1, March 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Spyridoula Katsoni, Is the Obligation Not to Refoule a Positive Obligation? An Intermediate Approach Toward the Classification Dilemma
    • Samantha Besson, The Institutional Guarantee of the Human Right to Science
  • Short Articles & Recent Developments
    • Patrick Leisure, Does the Osman Test Go to School? Recent Developments Concerning States’ Positive Obligations to Protect Children in School

Sunday, March 9, 2025

New Issue: Military Law and the Law of War Review / Revue de Droit Militaire et de Droit de la Guerre

The latest issue of the Military Law and the Law of War Review / Revue de Droit Militaire et de Droit de la Guerre (Vol. 62, no. 2, 2024) is out. Contents include:
  • Samuel White & Ikhwan Fazli, Pax Britannica: a case study of pre-Hague Imperial laws of war
  • Mateusz Piątkowski, Depictions of war crimes and international humanitarian law in video games
  • Helen Stamp, Corporate data enablers: a missing piece in the regulatory response to the military use of artificial intelligence

Chapdelaine-Feliciati: The Status of the Girl Child under International Law: A Semioethic Analysis

Clara Chapdelaine-Feliciati
(Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool Univ.) has published The Status of the Girl Child under International Law: A Semioethic Analysis (Cambridge Univ. Press 2025). Here's the abstract:
Clara Chapdelaine-Feliciati offers the first comprehensive study of the status of the girl child under international law. This book significantly contributes to bridging two fields usually studied separately: law and semiotics. The author engages in the novel legal semiotics theory to decode the meaning of international treaties (mainly the Convention on the Rights of the Child, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, and International Covenants) and assess whether the provisions, as formulated, clearly identify the girl child and take into account the obstacles she faces as a result of sexism, childism, and intersectional discrimination. This is also the first book to apply The Significs Meaning Triad – Sense, Meaning, Significance – in international law, and Semioethics for both a diagnosis and prognosis of problematic signs in view of modifying the wording of relevant treaties.

New Issue: Journal of Human Rights and the Environment

The latest issue of the Journal of Human Rights and the Environment (Vol. 16, special issue, January 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Jane Bennett, William E Connolly, Dorothy Kwek, & Anna Grear, Eco-social new-materialist reflections for the Anthropocene
  • Jane Bennett, Acting amidst: some concepts and practices
  • William E Connolly, The Anthropocene as abstract machine
  • Anna Grear, Jane Bennett, Nick Fox, Teresa Dillon, Emily Grabham, Mads Esjing, William Connolly, Andrew Vincent, Dorothy Kwek, Charlotte Wrigley, Julian Brigstocke, Branwen Gruffydd-Jones, Harshavardhan Bhat, & Alex Damianos, ‘Acting amidst’ – a conversation with Jane Bennett, facilitated by Anna Grear
  • William E Connolly, Jane Bennett, Anna Grear, Teresa Dillon, Gulshan Khan, Harshavadhan Bhat, Alex Damianos, & Nick Fox, The Anthropocene as abstract machine – a conversation
  • Elizabeth R Johnson, An other time
  • Nick J Fox, Vital materialism from social theory to sociological lines of flight
  • Julian Brigstocke, Drifting bodies, monstrous forms, cosmic meanings: a new materialist geography of Hong Kong’s sandy grounds
  • Charlotte Wrigley, Discontinuity and the underground: permafrost imaginaries and subterranean worlds
  • Emily Jones, Influencer
  • Matilda Arvidsson, On gardens of the Anthropocene: gendered violence, colonial legal enclosures, and feminist posthuman kinship
  • Sian Sullivan, On doodling and other modes of engagement in meltdown

Symposium: Artificial Intelligence and International Humanitarian Law

On April 3-4, 2025, Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems will hold its 2025 symposium on "Artificial Intelligence and International Humanitarian Law," in Iowa City. Details are here.