Wednesday, October 29, 2025

New Issue: Human Rights Quarterly

The latest issue of the Human Rights Quarterly (Vol. 47, no. 4, November 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Tej Bahadur & Chandrika Mehta, Gender Equality in Patent Filing and Ownership: A Step Towards Sustainable Development Goals
  • Patient Mpunga-Biayi, The Influence of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Human Rights Committee on the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
  • Ciara Hackett & Luke Moffett, From Fault to Remedy: A Case for a Holistic Approach to Remedy within Business and Human Rights
  • Achim Hildebrandt, Indira Rahman, Susan Dicklitch-Nelson, & Berwood Yost, Barriers to the Global LGBTQ Progress (and How They May be Crossed)
  • Marko Milanovic, State Lies as Violations of Human Rights
  • Gideon Basson, Sandra Liebenberg, Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh, Ashfaq Khalfan, Carroll Muffett, Miloon Kothari, Magdalena Sepúlveda Carmona, & Sharon Venne-Manyfingers, Commentary to the Maastricht Principles on the Human Rights of Future Generations

Sunday, October 26, 2025

New Issue: International Criminal Law Review

The latest issue of the International Criminal Law Review (Vol. 25, no. 5, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Christoph van Ackern, Organizational Control as Indirect Perpetration in Organizations Operating under the Rule of Law: On the Organizational Mechanism Mediating Control over a Crime under the Rome Statute
  • Pierre Hauck & Sven Peterke, State-Organised Crime: An Analytical Concept of State Deviance to Justify the Criminal Responsibility of States
  • Kacper Zajac, The Al Hassan Judgment: icc’s First take on the War Crime of Passing of Sentences by Irregular Courts under Article 8(3)(c)(iv) of Rome Statute
  • Anastasiia Liulina, Evidentiary Digital Platforms: What the Al Mahdi and Al Hassan Cases Teach Us about Presenting Voluminous Digital Data
  • Martina Caslini, How Does the State’s Obligation to Prevent Genocide Overlap with and Differ from that of Offering Guarantees of Its Non-Recurrence?
  • Mirza Buljubašić, Catrien C.J.H. Bijleveld, & Barbora Holá, Intergenerational Transmission of Punitive Attitudes Toward Atrocity Crimes in Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Role of Rank, Apology, and Trial Location

New Volume: Austrian Review of International and European Law

The latest volume of the Austrian Review of International and European Law (Vol. 28, 2023) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Rosana Garciandia, Inter-State Communications before United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Distinctive Features and Evolving Aims
    • Alrun Cohen, Artificial Intelligence in Counterterrorism and Human Rights
    • György Andrássy, The Real Meaning of Article 27 ICCPR and the Deeper Understanding of Overlapping Human Rights Its Exploration Requires
    • Haris Huremagić, The Many Worlds of Advisory Opinions – About Recent Practice, Compliance and False Dichotomies
    • Elisabeth Hoffberger-Pippan, Obligations for Third States in the War between Israel and Hamas: To Deliver or Not to Deliver
  • Current Developments
    • Isabella E Brunner, The Austrian Position Paper on Cyber Activities and International Law – A Commentary
    • Matthias Radosztics, The Protection of the Right to a Fair Trial in Austrian Headquarters Agreements Over Time
    • Hannah Grandits & Martin Baumgartner, State Succession in Respect of Foreign Property of the Former Soviet Union: A Discussion of Recent Case Law of the Austrian Supreme Court from an International Law Perspective
    • Lisa Heschl, The Individual Assessment of Protection Claims by Afghan Women and Girls: Note on CJEU C-608/22

Saturday, October 25, 2025

Conference: The U.S. and International Law in Changing Times

The Society of Legal Scholars International Law Section will hold a conference on "The U.S. and International Law in Changing Times," on November 5-6, 2025, in London. The program is here. Registration is here.

New Issue: International & Comparative Law Quarterly

The latest issue of the International & Comparative Law Quarterly (Vol. 74, no. 3, July 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Articles
    • Marko Milanovic, The Notion of an Illegal Occupation in the ICJ’s Palestine Advisory Opinion
    • Alex Green & Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh, State Continuity, Self-Determination and Sea-Level Rise
    • Karen N. Scott, Cold Cooperation: Reconciling the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement and the Antarctic Treaty System
    • Ondřej Kadlec, Managing Judicial Legitimacy: The Role of Grand Chambers in National and International Courts
    • Richard Garnett, Foreign Judgments and the Relationship between Direct and Indirect Jurisdiction
    • Jessica Shurson, Investigative Jurisdiction: The Evolving Limits of Extraterritoriality in Transnational Digital Investigations
  • Shorter Articles
    • Matilda Gillis, Modern Slavery in Armed Conflict: Foreign ‘Forced Fighters’ in Ukraine
    • Ardavan Arzandeh, Anti-Suit Injunctions in Support of Foreign Dispute-Resolution Clauses

AJIL Unbound Symposium: The Bandung Conference at 70: International Law’s Many Third Worlds

AJIL Unbound has posted a symposium on “The Bandung Conference at 70: International Law’s Many Third Worlds.” The symposium includes an introduction by Ignacio de la Rasilla and C. L. Lim, and contributions by Bing Bing Jia, Prabhakar Singh, Priyasha Saksena, C.L. Lim, Rabiat Akande and Olufemi Elias, and Thomas Skouteris.

Friday, October 24, 2025

Call for Papers: The Rule of Law and the External Action of the European Union

A call for papers has been issued for a conference on “The Rule of Law and the External Action of the European Union,” to take place January 29-30, 2026, at the Université Paris 8 Vincennes - Saint-Denis. The call is here. The deadline is October 29, 2025.

Tuesday, October 21, 2025

New Issue: World Trade Review

The latest issue of the World Trade Review (Vol. 24, no. 4, October 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Tariff Turbulence – The New US Trade Policy and its Impact on the Global Trading System
    • Wolfgang Alschner, Manfred Elsig, Joseph Francois, & Miriam Manchin, Introduction: Tariff Turbulence: The New US Trade Policy and its Impact on the Global Trading System
    • Stephanie J. Rickard, Tariffs versus Subsidies: Protection versus Industrial Policy
    • Edward J. Balistreri, The Trump Administration’s Reciprocal Duties
    • Robert Koopman, The Likely Micro- and Macro-Economic Consequences of a Unilateral US Trade Policy
    • Semiconductor Tariffs as Policy Whiplash Shin-yi Peng
    • On the Feasibility, by Means of Customs Duties, of an Entirely (or Almost Entirely) Made-in-the-USA Automobile Didier Chambovey
    • The Perils of Institutional Rigidity, or How the WTO Helped to Sow the Seeds of Trump Judith Goldstein, Alan Sykes
    • Patrick Low & George Riddell, Trump’s Trade Policy and the World Trade Organization
    • Wolfgang Alschner, Recalibration, Shielding and Containment: How the World Trading System De-risks from China and the United States
    • Joost Pauwelyn, How the US Reciprocal Tariff Plan May Save the Global Trading System
    • Henry Gao & Weihuan Zhou, (When) Can Trade Wars Be Good?

Monday, October 20, 2025

New Issue: Journal of World Investment & Trade

The latest issue of the Journal of World Investment & Trade (Vol. 26, no. 5, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Special Issue: International Investment Law and Plurilateralism
    • Joanna Lam & Stefan Voigt, International Investment Law and Plurilateralism – Concept, Prospects and Limitations
    • Siri Silvereke, Bridging the Gap between IIAs and the Accommodation to a Green Transition with UNCITRAL’s Draft Provision 19
    • Eleftheria Neframi, The Member States of the European Union, Contracting Parties to the Energy Charter Treaty: Plurilateralism in the Light of EU Law
    • Aleksander Szostak, Towards Right to Regulate for Climate Actions: A Closer Look at the Modernized Energy Charter Treaty
    • Paweł Marcisz, A New Toy: Will the Establishment of a Multilateral Investment Court Weaken Investment Protection?
    • Fernando Dias Simões, Commitments and Expectations: What Exactly has been Promised to Renewable Energy Investors?
    • Luca Pantaleo, The EU’s Withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty between Treaty Law and International Responsibility Issues

Sunday, October 19, 2025

New Issue: World Trade Review

The latest issue of the World Trade Review (Vol. 24, no. 3, July 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • A Tribute to Frieder Roessler
    • Steve Charnovitz, Frieder Roessler and the Trading System
    • The World Trade Review Mourns the Passing of Professor Steve Charnovitz
    • Niall Meagher, Frieder Roessler and the Advisory Centre on WTO Law – the Culmination of a Career
    • Cherise Valles, Frieder Roessler's Guiding Hand at the Advisory Centre on WTO Law
    • Gabrielle Marceau, Frieder Roessler's Contributions to the WTO Legal System
    • Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, Frieder Rössler and ‘Geneva Ordoliberalism’: From William Rappard to Pascal Lamy and Beyond?
    • Petros C. Mavroidis, An Uncommon Mind: Frieder Roessler's Legacy
    • Lothar Ehring, A Brilliant Trade Lawyer and Model of Integrity – the Legacy of Frieder Roessler
    • Werner Zdouc, A Universalist, Shaping Destinies, Staying True to Himself
  • Original Article
    • Julien Chaisse & Xueji Su, Normative Realignment in Domestic Trade Barriers Procedures: Driving Unilateralism in the EU, US, and China
  • Research Note
    • Joshua Paine, Beyond Investment Protection and ISDS: Towards an Investment Law Research Agenda Focusing on Investment Facilitation and Liberalization Commitments
  • Original Article
    • Kaijun Pan, Breaking the Impasse of Appointing Members of the WTO Appellate Body: A Perspective from International Institutional Law

Friday, October 17, 2025

New Issue: Leiden Journal of International Law

The latest issue of the Leiden Journal of International Law (Vol. 38, no. 3, September 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Editorial
    • Thomas Skouteris, Fin de siècle international law
  • International Legal Theory: Symposium on the Law and Political Economy of Business and Human Rights: A Turn to Root Causes?
    • Ioannis Kampourakis, The Law and Political Economy of Business and Human Rights: A turn to root causes? An Introduction to the Symposium
    • Ioannis Kampourakis & Lottie Lane, The Law and Political Economy of Business and Human Rights: From governance gaps to root causes
    • Hannah Franzki & Angela Sánchez-Alfonso, From Business and Human Rights to entangled accumulation: Making sense of violence along global value chains
    • Klaas Hendrik Eller, Pricing and distribution in global value chain regulation
    • Abdurrahman Erol, Federica Violi, & Alessandra Arcuri, Policies on foreign investment in National Action Plans on BHR: Transformative change or reproduction?
  • International Law and Practice
    • Jean-Michel Marcoux, The concept of sustainable development in investment arbitration: A disconnect from investment policymaking and international adjudication
    • Chris O’Meara, Self-defence in outer space: Anti-satellite weapons and the jus ad bellum
    • A critical analysis of the work of the ILC on ‘State Succession in Matters of State Responsibility’: A missed opportunity Patrick Dumberry
    • Nicolas Lamp, Arrested norm development: The failure of legislative-judicial dialogue in the WTO
    • Salome Addo Ravn, Misha Ariana Plagis, & Mikael Rask Madsen, International courts and sovereignty politics: Design, shielding, and reprisal at the African Court
  • International Court of Justice
    • Michael A. Becker, Recent developments in reliance upon third-party fact-finding at the International Court of Justice
  • International Criminal Courts and Tribunals
    • Rohan Jain, Victim assistance under the Rome Statute: Approach and effectiveness of the Trust Fund for Victims assistance activities

Thursday, October 16, 2025

Call for Papers: State Responsibility in Crisis

A call for papers has been issued for a workshop on "State Responsibility in Crisis," to take place April 30-May 1, 2026, at the University of Bristol. The call is here.

New Issue: La Comunità Internazionale

The latest issue of La Comunità Internazionale (Vol. 80, no. 3, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Storia del Diritto Internazionale
    • Arno Dal Ri Jr., La circolazione dei modelli giuridici italiani nella scienza del diritto internazionale in Brasile tra impero e “Estado Novo” (1822-1945)
  • Articoli e Saggi
    • Pietro Pustorino, Cyberattacks and the Evolution of the Regime on the Prohibition of the Use of Force
    • Antonio Mariconda, Commercio di armamenti e diritto internazionale penale: quali prospettive per la complicità degli esportatori di materiale bellico nello Statuto di Roma?
    • Francesco Seatzu & Nicolas Carrillo Santarelli, Cyberattacks and NATO’s Article 5: A Credible Deterrent or a Strategic Vulnerability?
    • Maria Vittoria Prest, Licensing Lunar Resource Activities: The Case of the Japan-Based Company ispace
  • Osservatorio Europeo
    • Emmanuel Pagano, Recenti sviluppi delle iniziative europee in tema di difesa comune tra tendenza al riarmo, rimeditazione dei vincoli di bilancio e deficit democratico
    • Emilia Maria Magrone, Il Meta Oversight Board: sistema interno di gestione dei reclami o “tribunale” indipendente?
  • Osservatorio Diritti Umani
    • Giuseppe Gioffredi, Consiglio dei diritti umani e Universal Periodic Review: il rapporto del IV ciclo di revisione sull’Italia

Wednesday, October 15, 2025

Conference: 54th Annual Conference of the Canadian Council on International Law

The Canadian Council on International Law will hold its 54th Annual Conference on November 13-14, 2025, in Ottawa. The theme is: "Friends, Enemies, and Frenemies: Engagement and Retaliation in International Law." Program and registration are here.

Tuesday, October 14, 2025

Ishii: International Law and the Investigation of Transnational Crimes

Yurika Ishii
(Sophia Univ. - Law) has published International Law and the Investigation of Transnational Crimes (Oxford Univ. Press 2025). Here's the abstract:
This book examines the methods that States use to investigate transnational crimes and criticizes the conventional understanding of international cooperation in criminal matters. Obtaining information and evidence abroad is the main challenge of suppressing transnational crimes. Law enforcement mechanisms have evolved with the globalization of markets and the digitalization of information. This book argues that such mechanisms rely primarily on the consent of other States and private entities, such as financial institutions and communications service providers. States formally and informally agree with other States where the information is located through instruments covering non-criminal matters, including administrative agreements, for criminal proceedings. Jurisdictional conflicts between investigating States and those with strict restrictions on corporate information disclosure to foreign governments, such as bank secrecy and privacy laws, have decreased. These mechanisms may harm individual rights under criminal procedural law, such as the right to a fair trial and exclusionary rules in cross-border investigations. The role of international human rights law is limited due to its decentralized nature. However, principles and norms are emerging to address this issue, though in a sporadic manner. This book is the first to comprehensively analyse these practices, offering readers a focused examination of the intersection between public international law, domestic laws, and transnational crime. This publication will make a valuable contribution to the emerging fields of public international law, international and transnational criminal law, international economic law, financial law, and international relations.

Workshop: Strategic Litigation in International Law

On November 27-28, 2025, the Italian Yearbook of International Law will hold its annual workshop in Trento. The topic is: "Strategic Litigation in International Law." Details are here.

Sunday, October 12, 2025

PhD/RA position in International Law (Geneva Graduate Institute)

The Department of International Law of the Geneva Graduate Institute is seeking to recruit a PhD candidate funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation for four years. The candidate will be affiliated with a research project in which Professor Fuad Zarbiyev is the principal investigator as research assistant and is expected to write a PhD dissertation broadly connected to the theme of that research project. More information about the position and the project can be found here.

Voulgaris: The ICJ and Multi-forum Litigation Strategy

Nikolaos Voulgaris
(European Law and Governance School) has published The ICJ and Multi-forum Litigation Strategy (Brill | Nijhoff 2025). Here's the abstract:
"In a world where inter-State multi-forum litigation multiplies, so does the risk of courts becoming diplomatic platforms to air State grievances." Nowadays, the ICJ is called to confront this risk when dealing with the main political issues of the day. The book draws inferences from legal and political sciences to assess ICJ authority when crises make their way to it as part of a multi-forum litigation strategy. It identifies the essential characteristics of this strategy and delineates ICJ instrumentalization against this background. Three running examples expose the many roles implanted in the ICJ when it is so instrumentalized. And they determine the legal and policy ramifications ensuing from a State’s attempt to engage in such a judicial-'diplomatic' campaign.

Call for Submissions: Cyber Law Toolkit

A call for submissions has been issued for the 2026 update of the Cyber Law Toolkit, an online resource on international law and cyber operations. The call is here.

Lecture: Marks on "If the World Is a Family, What Kind of Family Is It?"

On October 22, 2025, Newcastle Law School's Non/Human Law Research Group will host a lecture by Susan Marks (LSE) on "If the World Is a Family, What Kind of Family Is It?" The lecture will take place online and in person. Details are here.

New Additions to the UN Audiovisual Library of International Law

The Codification Division of the UN Office of Legal Affairs recently added the following materials to the UN Audiovisual Library of International Law: a lecture in English on Fair and Equitable Treatment, by Jeremy Sharpe; a lecture in English, entitled Introduction to International Disaster Law, by Kirsten Bookmiller; and a three-part lecture in English on The Human Right to Food, by Marsha Echols.

The Audiovisual Library of International Law is also available as an audio podcast on Apple, SoundCloud, and other platforms.

Breeze, Drumbl, Simpson, & Wade: The Character of International Law: A Festschrift for Rob Cryer

Emma J Breeze
(University of Birmingham - Law), Mark Drumbl (Washington and Lee Univ. - Law), Gerry Simpson (London School of Economics - Law), & Marianne Wade (Univ. of Birmingham - Law) have published The Character of International Law: A Festschrift for Rob Cryer (Hart Publishing 2025). The table of contents is here. Here's the abstract:

Professor Robert Cryer was a foundational voice in modern international criminal law. This book celebrates his character, his life, his work, and his influence.

The book is a Festschrift of love and admiration for a character that is dearly missed. Fittingly, the book also continues to voice the many conversations that Rob started. It thereby doubles as a critical examination of the life of international law.

The book constellates 17 expertly-authored chapters nurtured by four editors through five distinctive sections, each of which reflects on the character of international law. These sections, presented as acts, are: discipline and borders, (re)imagination and continuity, violence and reckoning, acoustics and storytelling, and friendship and kindness.

A wide gamut of touchpoints dovetails into a beautifully eclectic medley. These include criminal law, the law of war, music and harm, gender-based violence, nuclear weapons and artificial intelligence, law after war, the crime of aggression, drones and targets, the domestication of international law, and the role of law in inter-state relations. The book journeys to many places, including Japan, Bosnia and Ukraine, while reflecting on the role of teaching and mentorship in the life of international law.

Thursday, October 9, 2025

Seminar: The Right to Strike under International Law

On October 16, 2025, the Jack and Mae Nathanson Centre on Transnational Human Rights, Crime and Security at York University will host an online seminar on "The Right to Strke Under International Law." Details are here.

New Issue: Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht

The latest issue of the Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht (Vol. 85, no. 3, 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Comment
    • Davide Paris, The Right to Vote of Non-Resident Citizens: Not Just How, But Whether
  • Re-Reading Historic Articles in the ZaöRV: Anniversary Series
    • Paulina Starski, Varying Degrees of Openness Towards the International and Supranational Legal Sphere in the German Constitutional Order – A Contemporary Appraisal of and Reflection on Helmut Steinberger’s ‘Lines of Development in the Recent Case-Law of the Federal Constitutional Court on Questions of International Law’ –
  • Abhandlungen
    • Helen Keller, Viktoriya Gurash, & Corina Heri, Do We Need a World Climate Court?
    • Yoshifumi Tanaka, Resilience of UNCLOS in the Context of the Ocean-Climate Nexus: Reflections on Due Diligence Obligations in the ITLOS Advisory Opinion on Climate Change
    • Moritz J. Pollack, Animal Welfare Conditionality in the World Bank’s Legal Framework
    • Ignacio de la Rasilla:, The Rise, Relative Fall and Globalisation of Transnational Law Journals (1964-2024)
    • Stefano Dominelli, Of Queens and Kings: Hereditary Heads of State under the Prism of International Law and Human Rights
    • Adam Ploszka & Jan Denka, Economic and Social Rights in Central and Eastern Europe – Insights from the Perspective of the UN Human Rights System
    • Sarah Werderitsch, Die (unvollendete) Reform des Europäischen Stabilitätsmechanismus (ESM)
  • Review Symposium
    • Alexander Wentker & Erik Tuchtfeld, Digital Empires – A Review Symposium
    • Erik Tuchtfeld, It’s Worth to Look Beyond the Empires – It’s Also Less Disappointing
    • Stefania Di Stefano, Tech Companies in the Digital Wars: Rebels or Stormtroopers?
    • Amnon Reichman & Kai Purnhagen, Taking Empires Seriously: Three Missing Elements in Bradford’s ‘Digital Empires’
    • Anu Bradford, Digital Empires: A Response to Book Reviews

Wednesday, October 8, 2025

New Issue: Journal of International Dispute Settlement

The latest issue of the Journal of International Dispute Settlement (Vol. 16, no. 3, September 2025) is out. Contents include:
  • Special Issue: Current Challenges in International Investment Law
    • Esmé Shirlow, Transparency in investment treaty arbitration: past, present, and future
  • Special issue: Justice Post-ISDS
    • Francesca Farrington & Nevena Jevremović, Between a rock and a hard place: the impact of replacing or abolishing ISDS on investment-affected parties
  • Special Issue: Translucent Justice
    • Walter Arévalo-Ramírez & Andrés Rousset-Siri, Undermining the authority of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: cases of state’s weaponization of the value of transparency
    • Suhong Yang & Shuai Guo, Selection process of judges and members at international courts and tribunals: in search of efficient transparency
    • Gautam Mohanty & Alexandros Bakos, Revisiting transparency standards in investor–state dispute settlement vis-à-vis third-party funding: how much transparency is too much transparency?
    • Elena Abrusci, More transparency on regional human rights courts? What we (still) need to know to understand and access regional human rights justice
    • Marco Dimetto, Inscrutable procedural orders: two models of transparency in international dispute settlement (ICSID and ICJ)
    • Thomas Vogt-Geisse, Three visions of transparency in international adjudication
    • Letizia Lo Giacco, Rethinking transparency through the public–private prism: the case of the ICC–NGOs partnership
    • Ezgi Özlü, Translucent justice: strategic transparency and the legitimacy of the ECtHR
    • Hemi Mistry, Transparency as performance: the ‘As Is’ and ‘As If’ worlds of international adjudication
    • Fenghua Li, Transparency as a pathway to align ICSID arbitration with sustainable development
    • Irene Miano, De facto transparency? Investigating the practice of the International Court of Justice
    • Danae Georgoula & Lan Ngoc Nguyen, Judicial reasoning as a mask: rationalizing the transparency of the law of the sea tribunals
    • Carolina Mancuso, Procedural rules and judicial practices: a good or bad match for transparency?
    • Bruno Biazatti, The backlog-driven reform of the Initial Review of petitions in the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
  • Editorial
    • Cédric Dupont & Thomas Schultz, Trump’s tariffs: from a trade problem into an investment problem?
  • Articles
    • Georgios Dimitropoulos, Investment law and the digital economy
    • George Kahale, The Mobil and Conoco cases against Venezuela: the good, the bad and the ugly
    • Yun Zhao & Yanru Chen, The evolving lex mercatoria: a game-changer for transparency in international commercial arbitration
    • Jay Tseng, Insolvency of a party in international arbitration: considerations on staying arbitration proceedings
    • Eleonora Castro, Clarifying the clean hands doctrine under general international law
    • Nektarios Papadimos, A golden mean approach to independence and impartiality in investment arbitration
    • Zelin Li, Inter-court competition in non-adjudicative activities: a case study of the International Court of Justice presidential speeches, 1991–2022
    • Daria Levina, The myth of instant success: a historical account of the Commercial Court of England and Wales
  • Current Developments
    • Gabrielle Marceau & Maria George, Trade, climate and differentiation: an analysis of the interaction between the ‘Principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities’ and the WTO agreement
    • Nikiforos Panagis, Held in suspense: the past, present, and future of the suspension of proceedings at the International Court of Justice
    • Guang Ma & Hong Wu, The proliferation of unilateral trade measures and the crisis of the multilateral trading system