The latest issue of Global Trade and Customs Journal (Vol. 18, no. 1, 2023) is out. Contents include:
The focus of this edited volume is the often-overlooked importance of secondary rules of international law. Secondary rules of international law-such as attribution, causality, and the standard and burden of proof-have often been neglected in scholarly literature and have seen fragmented application in international legal practice. Yet the systemic nature of international law entails that coherent and consistent application of such rules is a key element in reinforcing the legitimacy of decisions of international courts and tribunals. Accelerated development of international law and international litigation, coupled with the fragmented nature of the adjudicatory terrain calls for theoretical scrutiny and systemic analysis of the developments in the judicial treatment of secondary rules.
This publication makes three important contributions to the study of secondary rules. First, it offers a comprehensive, expert doctrinal analysis of how standard of review, causation, evidentiary rules, and attribution operate in the case law of international courts or tribunals in fields spanning human rights, trade, investment, and humanitarian law. Second, it comparatively evaluates the divergent layers of meanings and normative expectations attached to secondary rules in international law scholarship as well as in the judicial practice of international courts and tribunals. Finally, the book investigates the role that secondary rules play in the development of the primary rules in international law and for the legitimacy of the decisions of international courts and tribunals.
Earlier scholarly works have not problematized the role of secondary rules of international law in adjudication thoroughly. Secondary Rules of Primary Importance in International Law seeks to fill this gap by emphasizing the consequential nature of these secondary rules and argues that the outcome of litigation is fundamentally shaped by the exact standard of proof, standard of review, or attribution basis that is chosen by adjudicators. As such, the book offers an important resource for the study and practice of international law against the backdrop of the wide-ranging and fragmented nature of international adjudication.
Extraterritoriality is a challenging concept as a matter of international law and policy, raising fundamental questions about the allocation of power among States. It is also a dynamic concept, reflecting and responding to shifts in the global economy, patterns of human behavior, and understandings of state sovereignty.
This volume explores extraterritoriality from a wide range of perspectives—theoretical, historical, and empirical. Its chapters likewise address a wide range of practices, in areas including criminal law, economic regulation, and the protection of human rights. Throughout, the volume recognizes extraterritoriality as an expansive concept used to assess both the actions and the obligations of states within the international arena.
L’extraterritorialité est un concept qui, touchant à la répartition des pouvoirs entre Etats, soulève des questions juridiques et politiques fondamentales dans la société internationale. Son usage grandissant témoigne de son dynamisme, qui reflète la globalisation de l’économie, les évolutions des comportements individuels et les réinterprétations de la souveraineté étatique.
Cet ouvrage propose sur l’extraterritorialité une diversité de vues – théoriques, historiques et empiriques – et en étudie les diverses pratiques – du droit pénal à la régulation économique, en passant par la protection des droits de l’homme. L’extraterritorialité se révèle, ce faisant, un concept englobant pour mesurer tant le déploiement de l’action étatique que l’étendue des obligations de l’Etat sur la scène internationale.
The emergence of cyberspace has been followed by increasingly unpredictable threats to cybersecurity, including Botnets, which have been frequently exploited in cyber-criminal activities affecting dozens or hundreds of States at once. In existing scholarship, many reasons have informed growing support for the promise of ‘due diligence’ obligations in regulating transboundary cyber operations. We affirm this position through a study of the specific context of Botnets, although bringing much-needed caution and complexity to the discourse. We offer a comprehensive account of the standard of conduct expected of States in detecting, mitigating and preventing Botnet-linked harms under due diligence; as well as to pursue cyber capacity building toward discharging these obligations. In so doing, we problematize and elaborate on the nature of due diligence as an obligation of conduct, therefore accounting for differential State capacities against Botnet-linked harms. The paper involves attempts to unpack a coherent conception of due diligence, appreciating the spectrum of obligations that it demands, and demonstrating these nuances through an appraisal of good practices adopted by States and private actors against Botnets. Consequently, we provide a unique holistic account of how States and their law enforcement could practically understand the conduct expected of them when faced with transboundary Botnets on a case-to-case basis. In the end, while underscoring potential dilemmas within this legal regime that may be faced by target States, as also its unresolved questions, we submit that due diligence is indeed the most appropriate candidate to act as a legal arsenal against transboundary Botnets.
The latest issue of the Rivista di Diritto Internazionale (Vol. 105, no. 3, 2022) is out. Contents include:
The latest issue of Global Society (Vol. 37, no. 1, 2023) is out. Contents include:
Ces dernières années, la thématique des restrictions de la distribution et de la publicité pour les cigarettes a occupé de nombreux organes et tribunaux internationaux. En raison de la fragmentation du droit international et du règlement des litiges y correspondant, il existe un risque de réglementation incongrue et surtout insatisfaisante, dans laquelle la protection de la santé, les intérêts économiques des producteurs et le commerce international ne sont pas facilement pris en compte et coordonnés de manière satisfaisante.
Ce travail de thèse met pour la première fois en lumière de manière exhaustive les aspects du droit de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC ; commerce et droits de propriété intellectuelle liés au commerce) et du réseau d’accords bilatéraux de protection des investissements existants, ainsi que les jugements (et sentences arbitrales) et les controverses qui en découlent. Les considérations de politique de santé (y compris le droit à la santé et la protection des mineurs) et les réglementations applicables du droit international économique sont comparées et leur cohérence est remise en question. Les questions qui en résultent seront extrêmement importantes pour la recherche ultérieure et la prise de décision par les organes politiques au niveau national et dans les négociations internationales.
Cette thèse combine plusieurs domaines juridiques habituellement très séparés (droit de la santé, droit de l’OMC, droit de la protection des investissements, droit de la propriété intellectuelle). Elle traite en outre des aspects médicaux, psychologiques, sociologiques et économiques fondamentaux, nécessaires à la compréhension de la problématique. Il s’agit donc d’un travail interdisciplinaire d’une certaine ampleur. Parallèlement, les différents domaines juridiques sont présentés avec une précision adéquate afin de permettre au lecteur de comprendre le contexte et les prémisses politiques.
Privatheit, Datenschutz und Informationsfreiheit sind die zentralen Funktionsbedingungen einer digitalen Gesellschaft. Als informationelle Menschenrechte schützen sie nicht nur gegen staatliche Freiheitsbeschränkungen, sondern auch gegen die Übermacht nichtstaatlicher sozialer Akteure. Die Autorinnen und Autoren des vorliegenden Bandes beleuchten die Grundlagen und unterschiedlichen Facetten informationeller Menschenrechte aus interdisziplinärer, interkultureller und internationaler Perspektive und möchten damit das wissenschaftliche Wirken von Marie-Theres Tinnefeld zu deren 85. Geburtstag würdigen. Die Werte eines digitalen Humanismus sowie neue Formen der Meinungsäußerung und der demokratischen Partizipation werden dabei ebenso thematisiert wie Lösungsansätze eines technischen Daten- und eines Verbraucherschutzes, um die freiheitlich-demokratische Vision einer modernen digitalen Gesellschaft zu verwirklichen.
As the climate emergency intensifies, rights-based climate cases – litigation that is based on human rights law – are becoming an increasingly important tool for securing more ambitious climate action. This book is the first to offer a systematic analysis of the universe of these cases known as human rights and climate change (HRCC) cases. By combining theory, empirical documentation, and strategic debate among preeminent scholars and practitioners from around the world, the book captures the roots, legal innovations, empirical richness, impact, and challenges of this dynamic field of sociolegal practice. It looks specifically at the sociolegal origins and trajectory of HRCC cases, the legal innovations of this type of litigation, and the strategies and impacts of these cases. In doing so, this book equips litigators, researchers, practitioners, students, and concerned citizens with an understanding of an important method of holding governments and corporations accountable for climate harms.
The latest issue of the Journal of International Criminal Justice (Vol. 20, no. 4, September 2022) is out. Contents include:
